Blog
Shorter articles on specific questions, each hanging off one of the full guides. Published cluster by cluster rather than all at once, so each one earns its place instead of restating its parent.
Latest articles
Codes & reference data
London airport codes
Heathrow (LHR), Gatwick (LGW), Stansted (STN), Luton (LTN), London City (LCY) and Southend (SEN) — what each code means, who flies where, how far each really is from central London, and how the LON code searches all six.
4 Oct 2026
Codes & reference data
New York airport codes
JFK, LaGuardia (LGA) and Newark (EWR) — what each code means, which airport handles which flights, how far each is from Manhattan, and how the NYC city code searches all three at once.
4 Oct 2026
Documents & terminology
How e-ticket numbers are structured
Thirteen digits: a three-digit airline code, a nine-digit serial and a check digit. What each part encodes, why coupon suffixes exist, and how the structure explains failed lookups.
9 Sept 2026
Routing & planning
The International Date Line and flight dates
Why a Pacific crossing can land before it took off, which routes are affected, and how to work out the arrival date you should actually book hotels against.
9 Sept 2026
Routing & planning
Minimum connection time
The shortest gap an airport says it can handle between two flights. Where the number comes from, what it assumes about you, and why it is a floor rather than a recommendation.
9 Sept 2026
Documents & terminology
What is a PNR number?
PNR stands for Passenger Name Record — the reservation itself. The six characters people call a PNR number are the key that retrieves it, and that distinction explains most of the confusion.
9 Sept 2026
Routing & planning
What is a red-eye flight?
An overnight flight that departs late and lands early, named for what it does to passengers. Why airlines schedule them, when they are worth taking, and the arrival-date trap they set.
9 Sept 2026
Routing & planning
What is a self-transfer flight?
Two separate tickets that look like one journey. Nobody is responsible for the connection but you — what that means when the first flight is late, and how much time it really needs.
9 Sept 2026
Documents & terminology
Airline confirmation number
Confirmation number, booking reference, record locator and PNR usually mean the same six characters — and none of them is your ticket number. Where to find yours, and which one an airline actually wants.
7 Sept 2026
Documents & terminology
Flight itinerary template
What every field on a flight itinerary is for, a blank structure you can copy, and why generating one beats filling in a Word document by hand for most purposes.
7 Sept 2026
Routing & planning
Can you leave the airport during a layover?
Usually yes on a domestic connection, often no without the right visa on an international one. What decides it, how much time you actually need, and the ways people get caught out.
7 Sept 2026
Route planning & distance
The longest flights in the world
The longest airport pairs flown non-stop, with distances computed from real airport coordinates rather than copied — plus why 'longest' means three different things depending on what you measure.
7 Sept 2026
The full guides
Every article above supports one of these. If you want the complete treatment of a topic rather than a focused answer, start here.
Documents & terminology
Codes & reference data
Routing & planning
Requirements & compliance
Or start with a tool
Most questions that bring people here are answered faster by a calculator than an article: the airport code lookup, the distance calculator and the time zone planner.